Shaopi, a famous water conservancy project in ancient times

Release time：2019-02-25 11:25:07 Click rate：1369

Shan Bei Source: Encyclopedia of China The famous Gupitang irrigation project in Huaihe River Basin. Also known as Anfengtang. It is located in the south of Shouxian County, Anhui Province. King Chuzhuang of the Spring and Autumn Period was founded by Sun Shuao from sixteen to twenty-three years ago (598-591 BC). So far, more than 2500 years have been playing different degrees of irrigation benefits. Shao Pi first saw "Hanshu Geographic Records", and in the Western Han Dynasty, a PI official was set up to specialize in irrigation maintenance. In the eighth year of the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 83), Wang Jingxiu Shaopi paddy field. In 1959, the Cultural Relics Task Force of Anhui Cultural Bureau unearthed a site of the Han Dynasty Water Conservancy Project (Cao Tuyan) at the Yue Dam of Anfengtang, accompanied by unearthed cultural relics such as the iron hammer of the Han Dynasty capital water official. The main water source of Shaoyi is Pihe River. The area of Shaoyi Irrigation Area is commonly recorded in the 4th to 13th centuries. It has been said that there are ten thousand hectares of irrigated field and more than five thousand hectares of irrigated field. "Shuijing Feishui Zhu" elaborates on the origin and scale of Shaoyi River, and points out that there are five gates in Shaoyi River (Shuikou) and Turner River. In the Sui Dynasty, 36 doors were renovated. Continued to the Song Dynasty, these 36 outlets can still play the role of increasing or decreasing according to the amount of water in and out, and adjusting the order of irrigation water use. The Records of Shouzhou in Jiajing, Ming Dynasty, detailed the names of 36 gates and their places of passage. The total length of irrigation canals was 783 li. In the Qing Dynasty, the number of Shaoyi Shuimen increased and decreased, and there were 28 between Qianlong and Guangxu. As for the man-made destruction of the Shaoyi Project, wars affected the Three Kingdoms and the Southern and Northern Dynasties on many occasions. Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, most of them were occupied and stolen by landlords and local tyrants. Taking Shaobi District as an example, by the Ming Dynasty, the pond was about 50 miles long, and the pond was transformed into a field of more than 56967 mu. The water-reducing sluice in Shaopi was first recorded in the nineteenth year of Chenghua Ming Dynasty (1483). Because the landlord occupied the land, the area of water storage was reduced. When the rainy season flood rose, the landlord broke the bank to drain water, dried up the bottom of the pond and continued to occupy the land. In order to prevent embezzlement and reclamation, a water reducing sluice is set up to control it. In the second year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1737), a rolling stone dam was built to the south of Zhongxingji. During the period of the Republic of China, the irrigation benefit of Shaoyi was getting lower and lower. In 1949, the actual irrigation area was only over 80,000 mu. Now it is an anti-regulation reservoir in Pishihang Irrigation District.

An article：Chinese Academy of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Sciences: China Water Conservancy: Today in History (1949-2010)
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