Lingqu, a famous water conservancy project in ancient times

Release time：2019-02-18 13:51:32 Click rate：1356

Linqu canal Source: Encyclopedia of China China's ancient canal links the Yangtze River system with the Pearl River system. Also known as Douhe, Xing'an Canal. In Xing'an County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. After the unification of the Six Kingdoms, Qin Emperor Shihuang dispatched the governor Shilu to chisel Lingqu to transport grain in the 28th year of Qin Shihuang (219 B.C.). It communicates with the Xiangjiang River and the Lijiang River. As a result of the continuous improvement of the past dynasties, the technology is gradually improved and the role is increasing. It is the main traffic line between Lingnan (now Guangdong and Guangxi) and the Central Plains in the past 2000 years, until the opening of the Guangdong-Han Railway and the Xianggui Railway. At the head of Lingqu Canal, a dam is used to backup the water level of the Xiangjiang River, and one of the canals (now known as the South Canal) is introduced into the upper tributary of the Lijiang River through artificial channels crossing the watershed. After digging and renovating the natural channel, it enters the Lijiang River; another (now called the North Canal) is opened and buckled to the right bank of the Xiangjiang River and re-enters the Xiangjiang River. The functions of water diversion, diversion and flood discharge are comprehensively realized by using the balance of river bar size (spillway dam built with stone, bamboo mouthpiece (water diversion dike), the old channel of Xiangjiang River and the balance of discharge. The canal is composed of artificial canal, semi-artificial canal for excavating natural stream and natural river after regulation. The length of the south canal is 33 km and that of the North Canal is 3.5 km. Slope is slowed down by bends, water is controlled by steep doors and weirs to increase navigation depth, and flood is diverted by lateral overflow weirs to ensure safety. There were 18 steep doors built in Tang Dynasty and 36 in Song Dynasty. The three generations of Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasty had been repaired and perfected many times, which ensured the long-term sustainability of Lingqu shipping and had a significant impact on the politics, economy and culture of Guangdong and Guangxi. In 1936 and 1941, the Guangdong-Han Railway and the Hunan-Guizhou Railway were opened one after another, and the Lingqu shipping gradually stopped. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, Lingqu has been renovated in an all-round way, basically retaining the traditional engineering features, making it a water conservancy project for comprehensive utilization of irrigation, urban water supply and scenic sightseeing. It has no navigation benefits and is a key cultural relic under national protection.

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